summary:
. some suggest glyphosate (Roundup) causes autism;
Russia discourages the use of genetically modified crops;
would they have lower use of glyphosate?
and would they have lower rates of autism?
. some feel that Russia ignores autism,
diagnosing it as psychosis or retardation.
. some see autism rises with other birth defects,
and some see glyphosate causing birth defects.
moyo way:
A study in Paraguay found that babies of women living within
one kilometre of fields sprayed with glyphosate
were more than twice as likely to have birth defects
[Benítez-Leite S, Macchi ML & Acosta M (2009)]
this?:
Glyphosate can disrupt the endocrine system, which could have
irreversible consequences in certain phases of development, such as pregnancy.
In areas of South America which is grown soybeans,
the number of birth defects has increased.
A study in Paraguay found that women who live less than a kilometer
fields where glyphosate is applied,
more than two times the risk of having deformed babies.
[Benítez Leite-S, ML & Macchi M Acosta (2009)
Malformaciones congénitas Asociadas has agrotóxicos
[Congenital malformations associated with toxic agricultural chemicals].
Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay Vol 80 pp237-247.]
->
Pediatr. (Asunción) vol.34 no.2 2007
Congenital Malformations Associated with Toxic Agricultural Chemicals
Benitez-Leite S1, Macchi ML1, Acosta M2.
The results show an association between exposure to pesticides
and congenital malformations in infants born at
Regional Hospital of Encarnación, Paraguay;
it requires further studies to confirm these findings.
defects included:
Neural Tube Defects
Heart Defects
Anencephaly
Imperforate Anus
Micro Penis
Growth Hormone Deficiency
Autism
Russia's globalscience:
Genes seem to play an important role in the
development of autism
- in identical twins, for example,
are much more likely to develop autism
at both than non-identical brothers.
On the basis of a large-scale survey,
researchers found that for every one percent increase
in genital birth defects,
autism rate increased by nearly 300 percent.
Christina Bauer, "The Moscow medicine":
Researcher famous MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Dr. Stephanie Seneffe made an amazing statement
about the prospects of autism. According to her,
every other American child will suffer from any form of autism
by 2025.
. the US population has a content of glyphosate in the urine
is 10 times higher than that of European citizens,
so we still have time to take steps towards a more cautious use of it
against the background of a comprehensive study of the effects of this drug.
Russia's mindbrain [humor]:
. many Western experts believe
American oligarchical [elite] circles have long known
glyphosate causes autism, but want to create
a population ready to obey and perform simple work.
usa snopes (David Mikkelson):
one in two children will be autistic by 2025
due to the use of glyphosate (Roundup) on food crops?
Both Seneff and AutismOne appear to reject
the accepted findings of science on the heretofore
not fully understood causes of autism,
namely in terms of genetics.
The claim also deviates from mainstream science on
whether autism is truly more prevalent
or whether diagnostic criteria and awareness
have caused the increase in the number of children
diagnosed with the disorder each year.
The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) explained in
a March 2014 autism surveillance summary
it was difficult to rule out improved diagnostics as a factor
in a perceived increase in autism across populations of children.
usa Sharon Begley 2012:
Scientists had long estimated that 90 percent
of autism risk was genetic
and 10 percent reflected environmental factors.
But a 2011 study of twins by scientists at Stanford University
concluded that genes account for 38 percent of autism risk
and environmental factors 62 percent.
"There is not a clear front-runner"
among possible environmental causes of autism,
said Craig Newschaffer, chair of the Department of Epidemiology
and Biostatistics at Drexel University School of Public Health
and lead investigator of one of the NIH-sponsored studies.
There is, however, what he called "good evidence" that
any environmental culprit is present during
the second or third trimester,
the peak of synapse formation.
usa epa tracks pesticide use now.
Environmental Sciences Europe 2016:
Trends in glyphosate herbicide use
in the United States and globally
Since 1974 in the U.S., over 1.6 billion kg of glyphosate
active ingredient have been applied, or 19 %
of estimated global use of glyphosate (8.6 billion kilograms).
Globally, glyphosate use has risen almost 15-fold
since so-called “Roundup Ready,” genetically engineered
glyphosate-tolerant crops were introduced in 1996.
Two-thirds of the total volume of glyphosate applied in the U.S.
from 1974 to 2014 has been sprayed in just the last 10 years.
The corresponding share globally is 72 %.
In 2014, farmers sprayed enough glyphosate
to apply approx 1.0 kg/ha (0.8 pound/acre)
on every hectare of U.S.-cultivated cropland
and nearly 0.53 kg/ha (0.47 pounds/acre) on all cropland worldwide.
Conclusions
Genetically engineered herbicide-tolerant crops
now account for about 56 % of global glyphosate use.
In the U.S., no pesticide has come remotely close
to such intensive and widespread use.
This is likely the case globally,
but published global pesticide use data
are sparse.
Russia's DMITRY GOLUBOVSKY and SVETLANA REITER 2011
No one knows how many autistic people there are in Russia.
There are no official statistics,
but if there were it would hardly be an objective picture,
because it’s a diagnosis people shy away from in institutions.
Doctors often don’t have the qualifications to
detect autism at an early stage,
but even when all symptoms are present,
many try to put something a bit more comprehensible,
such as schizophrenia or mental retardation.
. Irina Karvarsarskaya is the chief psychologist at the
Petersburg organisation “Fathers and Children”.
(Russia's otsyideti.org)
She describes a typical diagnosis:
“When the child is 2, the mother starts noticing
something strange in his behaviour.
She takes him to doctor after doctor and is told
‘He’s still little, so wait a bit.
He’ll develop a bit more, then he’ll start talking.’
The next stage is 6 months later: ‘You’re a nervy mother.
It’s you that needs the treatment.’
After that, it’s ‘Wait a bit’ and then (2 or 3 months later) straight into
“It’s autism. Why didn’t you come earlier?”
. Even if the diagnosis were correct,
there are other problems when the child grows up.
“After 18 the diagnosis changes, no more autism”,
says Karvarsarskaya. “It’s schizophrenia,
psychosis or mentally retarded,
depending on what level of development the person has attained.
No such diagnosis means there’s no need for targeted help.
How can you do anything for people who don’t exist?”
. Russia has few of the Western autism therapies,
such as Applied Behavioural Analysis, or ABA.
There simply aren't enough organisations or specialists
(though, during its 20 years, CRE has helped some 10,000 children).
Instead, autistic people usually have to cope with the
medico-centric approach to illness in Russia.
In the West 10% of autism is treated with medication;
in Russia it's virtually 100%. [ref?]
uk's brainskills:
. 10% of autistic children have Savant's syndrome:
demonstrating phenomenal gifts in a particular area.
Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. 2005:
"six years ago, autism was unknown in China."
arizona.edu`includes non-ionic surfactants:
Glyphosate must be absorbed into the foliage
to be translocated to the sites of action.
Weeds, especially those growing in the desert regions,
often have barriers to this absorption.
These barriers include both epicuticular waxes
which chemically repel Glyphosate
and pubescence that limit physical contact with the leaf surface.
Waxes on plant leaves are lipophilic and chemically non-polar
and repel water and herbicides like Glyphosate
which are hydrophilic and chemically polar.
Adding non-ionic surfactants (NIS) at a rate of 0.25% to 1%
will significantly increase how well Glyphosate
spreads on and enters leaf surfaces.
Water in this region often contains excessive amounts of
salts including calcium, magnesium, iron and sodium.
These salts bind to Glyphosate and reduce its absorption and solubility.
The addition of ammonium sulfate (AMS) and water conditioners
have been shown to significantly improve weed control with Glyphosate.
The sulfate component of AMS is negatively charged
and will bind to positively charged salts so that they cannot reduce the activity of Glyphosate.
These products should be added to the water
before the Glyphosate is added or they may not help.
usa science mag`good!:
glyphosate has also curbed soil erosion by facilitating
no-till agriculture, the practice of
spraying fields before planting instead of plowing up weeds.
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